The formula used for the conversion of Kelvin to Celsius is:

˚C= k-273.15

Therefore,

˚C= 49-273.15

˚C= -224.15

Therefore, 49K = -224.15˚C

Cesium is a very ductile metal with the second-lowest boiling point after mercury. It is liquid at room temperature and has chemical properties similar to that of potassium. Before failure, Cesium can sustain and withstand plastic deformation under tensile stress. This makes it metal with high ductility.

Force can change the motion of an object. It can cause a change in the velocity of an object. With this, force is described as a vector quantity, i.e. having magnitude and direction. The concepts of inertia and force are used to describe the motion of all objects. With this, force is measured with full consideration of its magnitude, as well as its direction or the direction it causes a body to move in.

The pyramid of energy is always upright and can never be inverted. This is because the biomass of producers is always greater than that of the consumers or carnivores. The pyramid of energy is a graphical illustration showing the amount and rate of energy trapped in different trophic levels of a food chain. In this pyramid, the producers form the base and top carnivores form the tip.

In the solubility of substances, the law that “like dissolves like” is strictly adhered to. Polar compounds are therefore soluble in polar solvents and non-polar compounds are soluble in non-polar solvents. Water is a polar solvent and then an excellent solvent for polar solutes. Water cannot dissolve non-polar solutes. When polar solutes are dissolved in water, they are surrounded by water molecules and as a result of the high dielectric constant of water, the polar molecules are separated from one another and eventually get dissolved in the water.

Oxygen gas was most likely not present in the primitive atmosphere of the earth. The atmosphere of primitive earth was composed mainly of carbon dioxide and methane as a result of the high level of volcanic activity that existed then. The activities of bacteria, one of which involves their distinct photosynthetic power, was what caused the enrichment of the earth’s atmosphere with oxygen.

A molecule is the combination of two or more atoms. These atoms are held by chemical bonds. A molecule, although the smallest portion of a substance, shows all the properties of the substance. An example of a molecule is H202.

Basic solutions are solutions with pH higher than 7 while acidic solutions are solutions with pH lower than 7. On the pH scale, the value from 0 to 6.9 indicates that the solution is an acidic one while the value from 7.1 to 14 indicates that the solution is a basic one. With this, a higher pH means a more basic solution. A base is known to dissociate in an aqueous solution to form Hydroxide ions. A higher pH, therefore, means more concentration of Hydroxide ion and therefore, a more basic solution.

A bromine element is a halogen. This means it has seven electrons in its valence shell. This makes Bromine very reactive as a result of the constant need to accept one electron into its outermost shell to achieve a balanced state. When a bromine element accepts one electron, it changes into a Bromine ion and then possesses a balance octet shell. A Bromide ion, therefore, is a negative ion with one more valence electron than a neutral Bromine atom.

The calorimeter is a device used in the measurement of heat changes in a reaction, particularly in a closed container. A calorimeter measures the rate of heat gain or heat loss, heat capacity, or even the physical changes of a reaction. It is widely used in the study of thermodynamics.

Joint committees and standing committees are both made of members from both houses of congress. Joint committees are set up to aid in the conduct of business between the houses and to help in focusing or shifting public attention on major issues. Standing committees, on the other hand, are regarded as the most important types of committee as they help in shaping the majority of proposed laws.

The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 was signed into law by President George Bush. The USA PATRIOT Act is an acronym for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Adequate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism. This anti-terrorism act was signed just after the September 11 attacks that claimed so many lives. The Patriot act of 2001 was signed primarily to reduce or limit the hurdles encountered in obtaining intelligence warrants when investigating suspected terrorists, spies, and other enemies of the United States.

With this act, law enforcement was given greater power in the use of surveillance to monitor and track people suspected to be terrorists or helpers of terrorists. Some ways of tracking suspects include; listening to their phone calls, looking at their e-mails and internet usage, following them physically, etc. Most of these procedures are illegal in the United States but with cases related to terrorism, these laws are waved to ensure a hitch-free process of investigation.

Procedural justice is simply the idea of fairness. In procedural justice, disputes are resolved simply by allocating resources. Certain parameters are followed most of which involve transparency in engaging in judicial actions. Procedural justice supports the right to speak in a court of law when provided with the opportunity as well as prohibiting impartiality in the process of decision making. Therefore, the allocation of rewards is done in accordance with the procedure of providing compensation to the victim. Rewards are allocated in accordance with the law.

The Supremacy Clause is considered to be the root of federalism because it describes the relationship between federal and state power. Located in Article VI, Paragraph 2 of the United States Constitution, the Supremacy Clause establishes that all federal laws of the US are supreme laws and should therefore be bound to by all states and federal judges and officers. With this, federal law will stand in the case of a conflict existing between a state and a federal law.

The federal law will always prevail. The power of the federal law cannot be overemphasized. It explains the supreme power of the federal government by amplifying the power it has above all individual states. Federal laws take preference over state laws. This way it describes the relationship between federal power and state power.

A police officer who suspects that you have committed a crime, in the process of committing a crime, or in possession of an item capable of facilitating a criminal activity has every authority to stop and frisk you. The officer, with a reasonable course, can pat you down, rummage through your pockets, and retrieve this weapon. This is called a Terry frisk.

Data selection is the process of defining the types of data as well as its sources considered essential for data collection. In a research process, data selection is very important. With this, data selection should be planned and organized to minimize the level of bias. Data selection strategy before the collection of data is optimally important in decreasing the chance of a biased outcome. In summary, data selection should be made before data collection. All other statements in the options are false and should not be practiced in the process of data collection.

Before 1906, specific regulations on the ethical use of human subjects were non-existent. The Nuremberg code came as a result of the reported trial regarding prisoners used in conducting research. The Nuremberg code was established in 1948 and it explains the voluntary consent of an individual to be used in research as absolutely essential. A petition filed against 23 German physicians on the use of thousands of prisoners in conducting a variety of researches without the consent of these prisoners facilitated the establishment of the Nuremberg Code. Most of the prisoners died and many of them were made crippled.

Deferential vulnerability is a situation where a person feels submissive or less when compared to another person as a result of gender, social class, or knowledge. So many people today tend to compare their religion, caste, social class, and education to others who are perceived higher in rank by society. A physician recruiting his patients is a good example of deferential vulnerability because doctors are considered with higher social ranks or levels when compared to patients.

Microeconomics deals with the study of the decisions made by individuals and firms in the allocation of resources of production, consumption, and exchange. It is the economic interaction existing between producers and consumers. In other words, microeconomics deals with how the decisions of consumers will influence the production process. Unlike macroeconomics that studies the actions of the government, microeconomics is concerned with the activities of the private sector.

When German forces attacked the western part of Russia intending to take Moscow, Joseph Stalin, then head of state of Russia led the successful defense and rebuff of the German forces. With this, Adolf Hitler lobbied the Wehrmacht to occupy the Russian city of Stalingrad.

Owing to the strategic location of Stalingrad as an industrial center in Russia and its closeness to the Volga River; an important shipping route connecting western and eastern Russia, Hitler sought to claim it. The Russians were of course ready to defend their territory at all costs. This led to the Battle of Stalingrad.

A command economy is a kind of economic system in which the government is the center stage of all economic activities. In other words, they play a major role in influencing the economy. The levels of production permissible, the prices of goods and services, and all decision-making is dictated by the central government. A command economy is the opposite of a free market system.

In a government, the means of production are owned and controlled by the state. This is the reason a socialist government will be the main practitioner of a command economy. Some countries with command economies are North Korea, Cuba, and the former Soviet Union. There is no private sector in a command economy, private ownership of land and capital does not exist, as the government owns and controls all forms of businesses in the region. Most countries today practice a mixed market economy.

Sitcoms of the 1950s focused on reinforced traditional roles for men and women. The 50s witnessed the emergence of the first sitcoms and these popular TV shows focused on depicting the image of a typical American family. Most often, the family had a working father, a housewife, and two children. Most people who watched these sitcoms believed this setting to be the official setting of real American families.

The weakening of the Soviet Union weakened other nations in Europe who also had communist dictatorships. European countries with communist dictatorships were quite related to the Soviet Union. All of these countries used to be one big nation. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, these countries also witnessed their collapse. The removal of centralized communist power in the Soviet Union was a result of Gorbachev’s economic liberalization.

Eastern Europe, also known as Eurasia, was under the iron curtain during the Cold War and the Soviet Union was a prominent player in the war. It is quite clear now why the weakening of the Soviet Union affected other nations with communist dictatorships. The countries most affected, however, are countries that joined the Warsaw Pact. Regardless, the decline of the Soviet Union had a significant influence on all of Europe.

The National Organization for Women in 1966 was formed to deal with the problem of inequality existing in the United States. As a result of the failure of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in the enforcement of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, NOW was formed.

The founders of this organization were frustrated with how the federal government was ignorant in enforcing new anti-discrimination laws. In the workplace, fewer women were hired and there was unequal pay among men and women with women being at the receiving end of low payment. The drive for equal rights for men and women led to the founding of the National Organization for Women.

Savings account is the type of account where money can be deposited in order to keep your money safe while earning interest. With very low interest rates, the savings account is best used for saving money in order to access it when needed. Investing your money in savings account for a long period of time will make you earn less. With this, investing in a savings account will only make the money available whenever you need it.

Hamlet killed Ophelia’s father, Polonius and this deteriorated Ophelia’s mental health, making her run mad. Later, Ophelia climbed into a willow tree which later broke and dropped Ophelia into a very small river and as a result of her incapability to overcome her distress, she died from drowning. Ophelia died at a very young age while suffering from madness and grief.

To keep a monthly mortgage payment as low as possible it is important to swing a larger down payment, opting for long term, and having a low interest rate. You can keep your payment low by swinging for larger down payment; going for a 10% down payment instead of a 3.5% down payment in the FHA will knock the payment down simply by borrowing more money. If you desire a low payment, it is advisable to go for the longest term possible so payment can be stretched by more years.

A high-end quality bond is regarded as a lower-risk investment than a stock because a typical bond pays a predictable, fixed amount of interest per annum. This happens as a result of the less risky prices of bonds when compared to stock prices. As an added reason, a bond is a short-term investment with payments made very early in the first year. Generally, stocks are considered risky because of the high possibility of loss of capital. This is not so in high-quality stocks as investors are guaranteed their returns regardless of what happens.

The IRS can issue a tax refund if only the amount of tax paid by an individual is more than what was required of the person to pay. In other words, a tax refund may be given if you overpaid your tax i.e. the total of past payments as well as applicable credits when it is more than what you owe.

Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms with no nuclear membrane-enclosed nucleus. These organisms are believed to be the origin of life and to have dominated the earth up to the Precambrian era. Prokaryotes, cells with a membrane-bound nucleus originate from eukaryotes and therefore have eukaryotes as their ancestors.